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Line 1: + + + + + + − + − + + + + + − + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + − + + + + + − + − + + + + + − + − + + + + + − + − + + + + + − + − + + + + + − + − + + + + + − + − + + + + + − + − + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + + − + + + + + + − + + + + + + − + + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + + − + + + + + + + + − + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + + + + + − + − + + + + + − + + + + + + − == CreateThread ==+ − R0=s32 threadpriority − R1=func entrypoint − R2=u32 arg − R3=u32 stacktop − R4=s32 processorid − Result result=R0+ − Handle* thread=R1+ − This processorid is a bitmask for which processors the thread can be run on. Bit value zero enables thread execution for this CPUID, bit value one disables thread execution for this CPUID. Bit0-bit1 are for CPUID0-CPUID1.+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − The stacktop must be aligned to 0x10-bytes, otherwise when not aligned to 0x10-bytes the ARM11 kernel clears the low 4-bits of the stacktop address.+ − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − == enum MemoryState == − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − == enum PageFlags ==+ − + − + − + − + + + + − + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + + + + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + + + + + + + − + − + + + + + + + + + + + − + − + − + + + + + + + + + + + + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + + + + + + + + + − + − + − + + + + − + − + + + + + + + + − + − + − + − + − + + Line 482:
Line 1,153: − + − + − + − + − + − + + + + − ! Type − ! Field − + − + + + + + + + + + + − == struct StartupInfo ==+ + + + − ! Type − ! Field − + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + + + − = Processes =+ − Each process can only use SVCs which are enabled in the [[NCCH#CXI|exheader]] for this process. The ARM11 kernel SVC handler checks whether the SVC is enabled in the syscall access control mask stored on the SVC-mode stack, when the SVC isn't enabled a kernelpanic() is triggered. Each process has a separate SVC-mode stack, this stack and the syscall access mask stored here is initialized when the process is started. Applications normally only have access to SVCs <=0x3D, however not all SVCs <=0x3D are accessible to the application. The majority of the SVCs accessible to applications are unused by the application.+ + + + + + + + + + − Each process has a separate handle-table, the size of this table is stored in the exheader. The handles in a handle-table can't be used in the context of other processes, since those handles don't exist in other handle-tables.+ + − 0xFFFF8001 is a handle alias for the current KProcess, and 0xFFFF8000 is a handle alias for the current KThread.+ − Calling svcBreak on retail will only terminate the process which called this SVC.+ − = Threads =+ − For svcCreateThread the input address used for Entrypoint_Param and StackTop are normally the same, however these can be arbitrary. For the main thread the Entrypoint_Param is value 0. − Using CloseHandle() with a KThread handle will terminate the specified thread.+ + − + − ControlMemory and MapMemoryBlock can be used to map memory pages, these two SVCs only support mapping execute-never R/W pages. The input permissions parameter for these SVCs must be <=3, where value zero is used when un-mapping memory. Bitmask 0xf00 for ControlMemory parameter MemoryType is the memory-type, when this is zero the memory-type is loaded from the kernel flags stored in the exheader ARM11 kernel descriptors, for the process using the SVC. ControlMemory parameter MemoryType with value 0x10003 is used for mapping the GSP [[Memory_layout|heap]]. The low 8-bits are the type: 1 is for un-mapping memory, 3 for mapping memory. Type4 is used to mirror the RW memory at Addr1, to Addr0. Type4 will return an error if Addr1 is located in read-only memory. Addr1 is not used for type1 and type3. − The ARM11 kernel does not allow processes to create shared memory blocks via svcCreateMemoryBlock, when the process memorytype(from the kernel flags stored in the exheader kernel descriptor) is the application memorytype, and when addr=0. It's unknown how the kernel handles addr=0 when the memorytype is not the application memorytype. When addr is non-zero, it must be located in memory which is already mapped.+ − ControlProcessMemory maps memory in the specified process, this is the only SVC which allows mapping executable memory. Format of the permissions field for memory mapping SVCs: bit0=R, bit1=W, bit2=X. Type6 sets the Addr0 memory permissions to the input permissions, for already mapped memory. Type is the MemoryOperation enum, without the memory-type/memory-region. ControlProcessMemory only supports type4, type5, and type6. ControlProcessMemory does not support using the current KProcess handle alias.+ − MapProcessMemory maps RW memory starting at address 0x00100000 in the specified KProcess, at the specified StartAddr in the current process. MapProcessMemory then maps 0x08000000 in the specified process, to StartAddr+0x7f00000 in the current process. UnmapProcessMemory unmaps the memory which was mapped by MapProcessMemory.+ + + + + − Type0 initializes the programID for launching [[FIRM]], then triggers launching [[FIRM]]. Param0 and Param2 are unused. Param1 is the programID-low, and the programID-high is 0x00040138.+ − Type3 is used for initializing the 0x1000-byte buffer used by the launched [[FIRM]]. Param2 is unused. When Param0 is value 1, this buffer is copied to the beginning of FCRAM at 0xF0000000, and Param1 is unused. When Param0 is value 0, this kernel buffer is mapped to process address Param1.+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − Type7 triggers ARM11 kernel [[I2C]] code, Param0-Param3 are unused. This ARM11 kernel I2C code will never return. Device address 0x4a via the second I2C bus is used here. This triggers a hardware system reboot via poking an I2C MCU register: register address 0x20 is written to with value 4.+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − Type0 value 26(Type1 is unused) writes the total number of processes which were directly launched by the kernel, to Output. For the NATIVE_FIRM/SAFE_MODE_FIRM ARM11 kernel, this is normally 5, for processes sm, fs, pm, loader, and pxi.+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
→GetProcessInfo
= System calls =
= System calls =
'''Note: The argument-lists here apply to the official syscall wrapper-functions that are found in userland processes. The actual ordering passed to the kernel via the SVC instruction is documented in [[Kernel_ABI|Kernel ABI]].'''
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
|-
! Id
! Id
! NF ARM11
! NF ARM9
! TF ARM11
! Description
! Description
! scope="col" width="200" | Notes
|-
|-
| 0x1
| 0x01
| Result ControlMemory(u32* outaddr, u32 addr0, u32 addr1, u32 size, u32 operation, u32 permissions) (outaddr is usually the same as the input addr0)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Memory Management|ControlMemory]](u32* outaddr, u32 addr0, u32 addr1, u32 size, [[Memory Management#enum_MemoryOperation|MemoryOperation]] operation, [[Memory Management#enum_MemoryPermission|MemoryPermission]] permissions)
| Outaddr is usually the same as the input addr0.
|-
|-
| 0x2
| 0x02
| Result QueryMemory(MemoryInfo* info, PageInfo* out, u32 Addr)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Memory Management|QueryMemory]]([[Memory Management#struct MemoryInfo|MemoryInfo]]* info, [[Memory Management#struct PageInfo|PageInfo]]* out, u32 Addr)
|
|-
|-
| 0x3
| 0x03
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| void ExitProcess(void)
| void ExitProcess(void)
|
|-
|-
| 0x4
| 0x04
| Result GetProcessAffinityMask(u8* affinitymask, Handle process, s32 processorcount)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result GetProcessAffinityMask(u8* affinitymask, Handle process, s32 processorcount)
|
|-
|-
| 0x5
| 0x05
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result SetProcessAffinityMask(Handle process, u8* affinitymask, s32 processorcount)
| Result SetProcessAffinityMask(Handle process, u8* affinitymask, s32 processorcount)
|
|-
|-
| 0x6
| 0x06
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result GetProcessIdealProcessor(s32 *idealprocessor, Handle process)
| Result GetProcessIdealProcessor(s32 *idealprocessor, Handle process)
|
|-
|-
| 0x7
| 0x07
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result SetProcessIdealProcessor(Handle process, s32 idealprocessor)
| Result SetProcessIdealProcessor(Handle process, s32 idealprocessor)
|
|-
|-
| 0x8
| 0x08
| Result [[#CreateThread|CreateThread]](Handle* thread, func entrypoint, u32 arg, u32 stacktop, s32 threadpriority, s32 processorid)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Multi-threading#CreateThread|CreateThread]](Handle* thread, func entrypoint, u32 arg, u32 stacktop, s32 threadpriority, s32 processorid)
|
|-
|-
| 0x9
| 0x09
| void ExitThread(void)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| void [[Multi-threading#ExitThread|ExitThread]](void)
|
|-
|-
| 0xA
| 0x0A
| void SleepThread(s64 nanoseconds)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| void [[Multi-threading#SleepThread|SleepThread]](s64 nanoseconds)
|
|-
|-
| 0xB
| 0x0B
| Result GetThreadPriority(s32* priority, Handle thread)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Multi-threading#GetThreadPriority|GetThreadPriority]](s32* priority, Handle thread)
|
|-
|-
| 0xC
| 0x0C
| Result SetThreadPriority(Handle thread, s32 priority)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Multi-threading#SetThreadPriority|SetThreadPriority]](Handle thread, s32 priority)
|
|-
|-
| 0xD
| 0x0D
| Result GetThreadAffinityMask(u8* affinitymask, Handle thread, s32 processorcount)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Multi-threading#GetThreadAffinityMask|GetThreadAffinityMask]](u8* affinitymask, Handle thread, s32 processorcount)
|
|-
|-
| 0xE
| 0x0E
| Result SetThreadAffinityMask(Handle thread, u8* affinitymask, s32 processorcount)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Multi-threading#SetThreadAffinityMask|SetThreadAffinityMask]](Handle thread, u8* affinitymask, s32 processorcount)
| Replaced with a stub in ARM11 NATIVE_FIRM kernel beginning with [[8.0.0-18]].
|-
|-
| 0xF
| 0x0F
| Result GetThreadIdealProcessor(s32* processorid, Handle thread)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Multi-threading#GetThreadIdealProcessor|GetThreadIdealProcessor]](s32* processorid, Handle thread)
|
|-
|-
| 0x10
| 0x10
| Result SetThreadIdealProcessor(Handle thread, s32 processorid)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Multi-threading#SetThreadIdealProcessor|SetThreadIdealProcessor]](Handle thread, s32 processorid)
| Replaced with a stub in ARM11 NATIVE_FIRM kernel beginning with [[8.0.0-18]].
|-
|-
| 0x11
| 0x11
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| s32 GetCurrentProcessorNumber(void)
| s32 GetCurrentProcessorNumber(void)
|
|-
|-
| 0x12
| 0x12
| Result Run(Handle process, StartupInfo* info) (This starts the main() thread. Buf+0 is main-thread priority, Buf+4 is main-thread stack-size.)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Multi-threading#Run|Run]](Handle process, StartupInfo* info)
| This starts the main() thread. Buf+0 is main-thread priority, Buf+4 is main-thread stack-size.
|-
|-
| 0x13
| 0x13
| Result CreateMutex(Handle* mutex, bool initialLocked)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Multi-threading#CreateMutex|CreateMutex]](Handle* mutex, bool initialLocked)
|
|-
|-
| 0x14
| 0x14
| Result ReleaseMutex(Handle mutex)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Multi-threading#ReleaseMutex|ReleaseMutex]](Handle mutex)
|
|-
|-
| 0x15
| 0x15
| Result CreateSemaphore(Handle* semaphore, s32 initialCount, s32 maxCount)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Multi-threading#CreateSemaphore|CreateSemaphore]](Handle* semaphore, s32 initialCount, s32 maxCount)
|
|-
|-
| 0x16
| 0x16
| Result ReleaseSemaphore(s32* count, Handle semaphore, s32 releaseCount)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Multi-threading#ReleaseSemaphore|ReleaseSemaphore]](s32* count, Handle semaphore, s32 releaseCount)
|
|-
|-
| 0x17
| 0x17
| Result CreateEvent(Handle* event, ResetType resettype)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Multi-threading#CreateEvent|CreateEvent]](Handle* event, ResetType resettype)
|
|-
|-
| 0x18
| 0x18
| Result SignalEvent(Handle event)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Multi-threading#SignalEvent|SignalEvent]](Handle event)
|
|-
|-
| 0x19
| 0x19
| Result ClearEvent(Handle event)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Multi-threading#ClearEvent|ClearEvent]](Handle event)
|
|-
|-
| 0x1A
| 0x1A
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result CreateTimer(Handle* timer, ResetType resettype)
| Result CreateTimer(Handle* timer, ResetType resettype)
|
|-
|-
| 0x1B
| 0x1B
| Result SetTimer(Handle timer, s64 initial, s64 interval)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result SetTimer(Handle timer, s64 initial_nanoseconds, s64 interval)
|
|-
|-
| 0x1C
| 0x1C
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result CancelTimer(Handle timer)
| Result CancelTimer(Handle timer)
|
|-
|-
| 0x1D
| 0x1D
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result ClearTimer(Handle timer)
| Result ClearTimer(Handle timer)
|
|-
|-
| 0x1E
| 0x1E
| Result CreateMemoryBlock(Handle* memblock, u32 addr, u32 size, u32 mypermission, u32 otherpermission)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Memory Management|CreateMemoryBlock]](Handle* memblock, u32 addr, u32 size, [[Memory Management#enum_MemoryPermission|MemoryPermission]] mypermission, [[Memory Management#enum_MemoryPermission|MemoryPermission]] otherpermission)
|
|-
|-
| 0x1F
| 0x1F
| Result MapMemoryBlock(Handle memblock, u32 addr, u32 mypermissions, u32 otherpermission)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Memory Management|MapMemoryBlock]](Handle memblock, u32 addr, [[Memory Management#enum_MemoryPermission|MemoryPermission]] mypermissions, [[Memory Management#enum_MemoryPermission|MemoryPermission]] otherpermission)
|
|-
|-
| 0x20
| 0x20
| Result UnmapMemoryBlock(Handle memblock, u32 addr)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Memory Management|UnmapMemoryBlock]](Handle memblock, u32 addr)
|
|-
|-
| 0x21
| 0x21
| Result CreateAddressArbiter(Handle* arbiter)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Multi-threading#Address_Arbiters|CreateAddressArbiter]](Handle* arbiter)
|
|-
|-
| 0x22
| 0x22
| Result ArbitrateAddress(Handle arbiter, u32 addr, ArbitrationType type, s32 value)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Multi-threading#Address_Arbiters|ArbitrateAddress]](Handle arbiter, u32 addr, ArbitrationType type, s32 value, s64 nanoseconds)
|
|-
|-
| 0x23
| 0x23
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result CloseHandle(Handle handle)
| Result CloseHandle(Handle handle)
|
|-
|-
| 0x24
| 0x24
| Result WaitSynchronization1(Handle handle, s64 nanoseconds)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result WaitSynchronization1(Handle handle, s64 timeout_nanoseconds)
|
|-
|-
| 0x25
| 0x25
| Result WaitSynchronizationN(s32* out, Handle* handles, s32 handlecount, bool waitAll, s64 nanoseconds)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result WaitSynchronizationN(s32* out, Handle* handles, s32 handlecount, bool waitAll, s64 timeout_nanoseconds)
|
|-
|-
| 0x26
| 0x26
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result SignalAndWait(s32* out, Handle signal, Handle* handles, s32 handleCount, bool waitAll, s64 nanoseconds)
| Result SignalAndWait(s32* out, Handle signal, Handle* handles, s32 handleCount, bool waitAll, s64 nanoseconds)
| Stubbed
|-
|-
| 0x27
| 0x27
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result DuplicateHandle(Handle* out, Handle original)
| Result DuplicateHandle(Handle* out, Handle original)
|
|-
|-
| 0x28
| 0x28
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| s64 GetSystemTick(void) (This returns the total CPU ticks elapsed since the CPU was powered-on)
| s64 GetSystemTick(void) (This returns the total CPU ticks elapsed since the CPU was powered-on)
|
|-
|-
| 0x29
| 0x29
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result GetHandleInfo(s64* out, Handle handle, HandleInfoType type)
| Result GetHandleInfo(s64* out, Handle handle, HandleInfoType type)
|
|-
|-
| 0x2A
| 0x2A
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result GetSystemInfo(s64* out, SystemInfoType type, s32 param)
| Result GetSystemInfo(s64* out, SystemInfoType type, s32 param)
|
|-
|-
| 0x2B
| 0x2B
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result GetProcessInfo(s64* out, Handle process, ProcessInfoType type)
| Result GetProcessInfo(s64* out, Handle process, ProcessInfoType type)
|
|-
|-
| 0x2C
| 0x2C
| Result GetThreadInfo(s64* out, Handle thread, ThreadInfoType type)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Multi-threading#GetThreadInfo|GetThreadInfo]](s64* out, Handle thread, ThreadInfoType type)
|
|-
|-
| 0x2D
| 0x2D
| Result ConnectToPort(Handle* out, const char* portName)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[IPC|ConnectToPort]](Handle* out, const char* portName)
|
|-
|-
| 0x2E
| 0x2E
| Result SendSyncRequest1(Handle session) (Stubbed)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result SendSyncRequest1(Handle session)
| Stubbed
|
|-
|-
| 0x2F
| 0x2F
| Result SendSyncRequest2(Handle session) (Stubbed)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result SendSyncRequest2(Handle session)
| Stubbed
|
|-
|-
| 0x30
| 0x30
| Result SendSyncRequest3(Handle session) (Stubbed)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result SendSyncRequest3(Handle session)
| Stubbed
|
|-
|-
| 0x31
| 0x31
| Result SendSyncRequest4(Handle session) (Stubbed)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result SendSyncRequest4(Handle session)
| Stubbed
|
|-
|-
| 0x32
| 0x32
| Result SendSyncRequest(Handle session)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[IPC|SendSyncRequest]](Handle session)
|
|-
|-
| 0x33
| 0x33
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result OpenProcess(Handle* process, u32 processId)
| Result OpenProcess(Handle* process, u32 processId)
|
|-
|-
| 0x34
| 0x34
| Result OpenThread(Handle* thread, Handle process, u32 threadId)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Multi-threading#OpenThread|OpenThread]](Handle* thread, Handle process, u32 threadId)
|
|-
|-
| 0x35
| 0x35
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result GetProcessId(u32* processId, Handle process)
| Result GetProcessId(u32* processId, Handle process)
|
|-
|-
| 0x36
| 0x36
| Result GetProcessIdOfThread(u32* processId, Handle thread)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Multi-threading#GetProcessIdOfThread|GetProcessIdOfThread]](u32* processId, Handle thread)
|
|-
|-
| 0x37
| 0x37
| Result GetThreadId(u32* threadId, Handle thread)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Multi-threading#GetThreadId|GetThreadId]](u32* threadId, Handle thread)
|
|-
|-
| 0x38
| 0x38
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result GetResourceLimit(Handle* resourceLimit, Handle process)
| Result GetResourceLimit(Handle* resourceLimit, Handle process)
|
|-
|-
| 0x39
| 0x39
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result GetResourceLimitLimitValues(s64* values, Handle resourceLimit, LimitableResource* names, s32 nameCount)
| Result GetResourceLimitLimitValues(s64* values, Handle resourceLimit, LimitableResource* names, s32 nameCount)
|
|-
|-
| 0x3A
| 0x3A
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result GetResourceLimitCurrentValues(s64* values, Handle resourceLimit, LimitableResource* names, s32 nameCount)
| Result GetResourceLimitCurrentValues(s64* values, Handle resourceLimit, LimitableResource* names, s32 nameCount)
|
|-
|-
| 0x3B
| 0x3B
| Result GetThreadContext(ThreadContext* context, Handle thread) (Stubbed)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Multi-threading#GetThreadContext|GetThreadContext]](ThreadContext* context, Handle thread)
| Stubbed
|-
|-
| 0x3C
| 0x3C
| Break(BreakReason)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Break(BreakReason reason)
Break(BreakReason debugReason, const void* croInfo, u32 croInfoSize)
|
|-
|-
| 0x3D
| 0x3D
| OutputDebugString(void const, int) (Does nothing on non-debug units)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| OutputDebugString(void const, int)
| Does nothing on non-debug units.
|-
|-
| 0x3E
| 0x3E
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| ControlPerformanceCounter(unsigned long long, int, unsigned int, unsigned long long)
| ControlPerformanceCounter(unsigned long long, int, unsigned int, unsigned long long)
|-
|
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x47
| 0x47
| Result CreatePort(Handle* portServer, Handle* portClient, const char* name, s32 maxSessions)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[IPC|CreatePort]](Handle* portServer, Handle* portClient, const char* name, s16 maxSessions)
| Setting name=NULL creates a private port not accessible from svcConnectToPort.
|-
|-
| 0x48
| 0x48
| Result CreateSessionToPort(Handle* session, Handle port)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[IPC|CreateSessionToPort]](Handle* session, Handle port)
|
|-
|-
| 0x49
| 0x49
| Result CreateSession(Handle* sessionServer, Handle* sessionClient)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[IPC|CreateSession]](Handle* sessionServer, Handle* sessionClient)
|
|-
|-
| 0x4A
| 0x4A
| Result AcceptSession(Handle* session, Handle port)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[IPC|AcceptSession]](Handle* session, Handle port)
|
|-
|-
| 0x4B
| 0x4B
| Result ReplyAndReceive1(s32* index, Handle* handles, s32 handleCount, Handle replyTarget) (Stubbed)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result ReplyAndReceive1(s32* index, Handle* handles, s32 handleCount, Handle replyTarget)
| Stubbed.
|-
|-
| 0x4C
| 0x4C
| Result ReplyAndReceive2(s32* index, Handle* handles, s32 handleCount, Handle replyTarget) (Stubbed)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result ReplyAndReceive2(s32* index, Handle* handles, s32 handleCount, Handle replyTarget)
| Stubbed.
|-
|-
| 0x4D
| 0x4D
| Result ReplyAndReceive3(s32* index, Handle* handles, s32 handleCount, Handle replyTarget) (Stubbed)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result ReplyAndReceive3(s32* index, Handle* handles, s32 handleCount, Handle replyTarget)
| Stubbed.
|-
|-
| 0x4E
| 0x4E
| Result ReplyAndReceive4(s32* index, Handle* handles, s32 handleCount, Handle replyTarget) (Stubbed)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result ReplyAndReceive4(s32* index, Handle* handles, s32 handleCount, Handle replyTarget)
| Stubbed.
|-
|-
| 0x4F
| 0x4F
| Result ReplyAndReceive(s32* index, Handle* handles, s32 handleCount, Handle replyTarget)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[IPC#svcReplyAndReceive|ReplyAndReceive]](s32* index, Handle* handles, s32 handleCount, Handle replyTarget)
|
|-
|-
| 0x50
| 0x50
| Result BindInterrupt(Interrupt name, Handle syncObject, s32 priority, bool isManualClear)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[#Interrupt Handling|BindInterrupt]](Interrupt name, Handle eventOrSemaphore, s32 priority, bool isLevelHighActive)
|
|-
|-
| 0x51
| 0x51
| Result UnbindInterrupt(Interrupt name, Handle syncObject)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result UnbindInterrupt(Interrupt name, Handle eventOrSemaphore)
|
|-
|-
| 0x52
| 0x52
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result InvalidateProcessDataCache(Handle process, void* addr, u32 size)
| Result InvalidateProcessDataCache(Handle process, void* addr, u32 size)
|
|-
|-
| 0x53
| 0x53
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result StoreProcessDataCache(Handle process, void const* addr, u32 size)
| Result StoreProcessDataCache(Handle process, void const* addr, u32 size)
|
|-
|-
| 0x54
| 0x54
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result FlushProcessDataCache(Handle process, void const* addr, u32 size)
| Result FlushProcessDataCache(Handle process, void const* addr, u32 size)
|
|-
|-
| 0x55
| 0x55
| Result StartInterProcessDma(Handle* dma, Handle dstProcess, void* dst, Handle srcProcess, const void* src, u32 size, const DmaConfig& config )
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result [[Corelink DMA Engines|StartInterProcessDma]](Handle* dma, Handle dstProcess, void* dst, Handle srcProcess, const void* src, u32 size, const DmaConfig* config)
|
|-
|-
| 0x56
| 0x56
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result StopDma(Handle dma)
| Result StopDma(Handle dma)
|
|-
|-
| 0x57
| 0x57
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Result GetDmaState(DmaState* state, Handle dma)
| Result GetDmaState(DmaState* state, Handle dma)
|
|-
|-
| 0x58
| 0x58
| RestartDma(nn::Handle, void *, void const*, unsigned int, signed char)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| RestartDma(Handle, void *, void const*, unsigned int, signed char)
|
|-
| 0x59
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No?
| style="background: red" | No
| SetGpuProt(s8 input_flag). Implemented with [[11.3.0-36|11.3.0-X]], see below.
|-
|-
| 0x5A
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No?
| style="background: red" | No
| SetWifiEnabled(s0 input_flag). Implemented with [[11.4.0-37|11.4.0-X]], see below.
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x60
| 0x60
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result DebugActiveProcess(Handle* debug, u32 processID)
| Result DebugActiveProcess(Handle* debug, u32 processID)
|
|-
|-
| 0x61
| 0x61
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result BreakDebugProcess(Handle debug)
| Result BreakDebugProcess(Handle debug)
|
|-
|-
| 0x62
| 0x62
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result TerminateDebugProcess(Handle debug)
| Result TerminateDebugProcess(Handle debug)
|
|-
|-
| 0x63
| 0x63
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result GetProcessDebugEvent(DebugEventInfo* info, Handle debug)
| Result GetProcessDebugEvent(DebugEventInfo* info, Handle debug)
|
|-
|-
| 0x64
| 0x64
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result ContinueDebugEvent(Handle debug, u32 flags)
| Result ContinueDebugEvent(Handle debug, u32 flags)
|
|-
|-
| 0x65
| 0x65
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result GetProcessList(s32* processCount, u32* processIds, s32 processIdMaxCount)
| Result GetProcessList(s32* processCount, u32* processIds, s32 processIdMaxCount)
|
|-
|-
| 0x66
| 0x66
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result GetThreadList(s32* threadCount, u32* threadIds, s32 threadIdMaxCount, Handle domain)
| Result GetThreadList(s32* threadCount, u32* threadIds, s32 threadIdMaxCount, Handle domain)
|
|-
|-
| 0x67
| 0x67
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result GetDebugThreadContext(ThreadContext* context, Handle debug, u32 threadId, u32 controlFlags)
| Result GetDebugThreadContext(ThreadContext* context, Handle debug, u32 threadId, u32 controlFlags)
|
|-
|-
| 0x68
| 0x68
| Result SetDebugThreadContext(Handle debug, u32 threadId, ThreadContext* context, u32 controlFlags)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result SetDebugThreadContext(Handle debug, u32 threadId, const ThreadContext* context, u32 controlFlags)
|
|-
|-
| 0x69
| 0x69
| Result QueryDebugProcessMemory(MemoryInfo* blockInfo, PageInfo* pageInfo, Handle process, u32 addr)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result QueryDebugProcessMemory(MemoryInfo* blockInfo, PageInfo* pageInfo, Handle debug, u32 addr)
|
|-
|-
| 0x6A
| 0x6A
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result ReadProcessMemory(void* buffer, Handle debug, u32 addr, u32 size)
| Result ReadProcessMemory(void* buffer, Handle debug, u32 addr, u32 size)
|
|-
|-
| 0x6B
| 0x6B
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result WriteProcessMemory(Handle debug, void const* buffer, u32 addr, u32 size)
| Result WriteProcessMemory(Handle debug, void const* buffer, u32 addr, u32 size)
|
|-
|-
| 0x6C
| 0x6C
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result SetHardwareBreakPoint(s32 registerId, u32 control, u32 value)
| Result SetHardwareBreakPoint(s32 registerId, u32 control, u32 value)
|
|-
|-
| 0x6D
| 0x6D
| GetDebugThreadParam(long long *, int *, nn::Handle, unsigned int, nn::dmnt::DebugThreadParam) (Disabled on regular kernel)
| style="background: green" | Yes
|-
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| [[Multi-threading#GetDebugThreadParam|GetDebugThreadParam]](s64* unused, u32* out, Handle kdebug, u32 threadId, DebugThreadParameter param)
|
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x70
| 0x70
| ControlProcessMemory(Handle KProcess, unsigned int Addr0, unsigned int Addr1, unsigned int Size, unsigned int Type, unsigned int Permissions)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result ControlProcessMemory(Handle KProcess, unsigned int Addr0, unsigned int Addr1, unsigned int Size, unsigned int Type, unsigned int Permissions)
|
|-
|-
| 0x71
| 0x71
| MapProcessMemory(Handle KProcess, unsigned int StartAddr, unsigned int EndAddr)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Memory Management#Memory_Mapping|MapProcessMemory]](Handle process, u32 startAddr, u32 size)
|
|-
|-
| 0x72
| 0x72
| UnmapProcessMemory(Handle KProcess, unsigned int StartAddr, unsigned int EndAddr)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Memory Management#Memory_Mapping|UnmapProcessMemory]](Handle process, u32 startAddr, u32 size)
|
|-
|-
| 0x73
| 0x73
| ?
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Multi-threading#CreateCodeSet|CreateCodeSet]](Handle* handle_out, struct CodeSetInfo, u32 code_ptr, u32 ro_ptr, u32 data_ptr)
|
|-
|-
| 0x74
| 0x74
| Stubbed on regular kernel
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result RandomStub()
| Stubbed
|-
|-
| 0x75
| 0x75
| ?
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result [[Multi-threading#CreateProcess|CreateProcess]](Handle* handle_out, Handle codeset_handle, u32 [[NCCH/Extended_Header#ARM11_Kernel_Capabilities|arm11kernelcaps_ptr]], u32 arm11kernelcaps_num)
|
|-
|-
| 0x76
| 0x76
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| TerminateProcess(Handle)
| TerminateProcess(Handle)
|
|-
|-
| 0x77
| 0x77
| (Handle KProcess, Handle KResourceLimit)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result SetProcessResourceLimits(Handle KProcess, Handle KResourceLimit)
|
|-
|-
| 0x78
| 0x78
| CreateResourceLimit(Handle *KResourceLimit)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result CreateResourceLimit(Handle *KResourceLimit)
|
|-
|-
| 0x79
| 0x79
| ?
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result SetResourceLimitValues(Handle res_limit, LimitableResource* resource_type_list, s64* resource_list, u32 count)
|
|-
|-
| 0x7A
| 0x7A
| DisableExecuteNever(unsigned int Addr, unsigned int Size) (Stubbed for regular kernel beginning with [[2.0.0-2]])
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: green" | Yes
| AddCodeSegment (unsigned int Addr, unsigned int Size)
| Stubbed on NATIVE_FIRM beginning with [[2.0.0-2]]. Used during TWL_FIRM boot.
|-
| 0x7B
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: red" | No
| Backdoor(unsigned int CodeAddress)
| This is used on ARM9 NATIVE_FIRM.
No ARM11 processes have access to it without some form of kernelhax, and this was removed on [[11.0.0-33]] (for ARM11).
|-
|-
| 0x7C
| 0x7C
| KernelSetState(unsigned int Type, unsigned int Param0, unsigned int Param1, unsigned int Param2) (The Type determines the usage of each param)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| KernelSetState(unsigned int Type, ...)
| The type determines the args to be passed
|-
|-
| 0x7D
| 0x7D
| QueryProcessMemory(MemInfo *Info, unsigned int *Out, Handle KProcess, unsigned int Addr)
| style="background: green" | Yes
|-
| style="background: red" | No
| style="background: red" | No
| Result QueryProcessMemory(MemInfo *Info, unsigned int *Out, Handle KProcess, unsigned int Addr)
|
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0xFF
| 0xFF
| Debug related (The Syscall access control mask doesn't apply for this SVC)
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| style="background: green" | Yes
| Stop point
| The svcaccesscontrol mask doesn't apply for this SVC. This svc doesn't check the "debug mode enabled" flag either. Does nothing if there is no [[KDebug]] object associated to the current process. Stubbed on ARM9 NATIVE_FIRM.
|}
|}
NF: NATIVE_FIRM. TF: TWL_FIRM.
Note that "stubbed" here means that the SVC only returns an error, as in the following snippet:
<pre>ROM:FFF04D98 LDR R0, =0xF8C007F4
ROM:FFF04D9C BX LR</pre>
= Types and structures =
== enum ResetType ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Reset type
! Id
|-
| ONESHOT
| 0
|-
| STICKY
| 1
|-
| PULSE
| 2
|}
Timers/Events may be waited on by a thread using svcWaitSynchronization. Once the timer runs out/the event gets signaled, threads waiting on the respective handles until the timer/event is reset. STICKY timers/events wake up threads until they are explicitly reset by some thread. ONESHOT timers/events will wake up exactly one thread and then are reset automatically. PULSE timers will be reset after waking up one thread too, but will also be started again immediately. It's unknown whether PULSE is a valid reset type for events.
= Types and structures =
== struct StartupInfo ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Type
! Field
|-
| s32
| Priority
|-
| u32
| Stack size
|-
| s32
| argc
|-
| s16*
| argv
|-
| s16*
| envp
|}
== enum BreakReason ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Break Reason
! Value
|-
| PANIC
| 0
|-
| ASSERT
| 1
|-
| USER
| 2
|}
== struct DebugEventInfo ==
Size: 0x28 bytes
When using svcGetProcessDebugEvent, the kernel fetches the first [[KEventInfo]] instance of the process's [[KDebug]]. The debug event is handled and parsed into this structure.
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Type
! Field
|-
| u32
| Event type
|-
| u32
| Thread ID (not used in all events)
|-
| u32
| Flags. Bit0 means that svcContinueDebugEvent needs to be called for this event
|-
| u8[4]
| Remnants of the corresponding flags in [[KEventInfo]], always 0 here
|-
| u32[6]
| Event-specific data (see below)
|}
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Memory state flags
! Event type
! Bit
! Id
|-
|-
| FREE
| ATTACH PROCESS
| 0
| 0
|-
|-
| RESERVED
| ATTACH THREAD
| 1
| 1
|-
|-
| IO
| EXIT THREAD
| 2
| 2
|-
|-
| STATIC
| EXIT PROCESS (1)
| 3
| 3
|-
|-
| CODE
| EXCEPTION
| 4
| 4
|-
|-
| PRIVATE
| DLL LOAD (3)
| 5
| 5
|-
|-
| SHARED
| DLL UNLOAD (3)
| 6
| 6
|-
|-
| CONTINUOUS
| SCHEDULE IN (1) (2)
| 7
| 7
|-
|-
| ALIASED
| SCHEDULE OUT (1) (2)
| 8
| 8
|-
|-
| ALIAS
| SYSCALL IN (1) (2)
| 9
| 9
|-
|-
| ALIAS CODE
| SYSCALL OUT (1) (2)
| 10
| 10
|-
|-
| LOCKED
| OUTPUT STRING
| 11
| 11
|-
| MAP (1) (2)
| 12
|}
<nowiki>(1)</nowiki> Non-blocking: all other events preempt and block all the threads of their process until they are continued.
<nowiki>(2)</nowiki> There is handling code in the kernel but nothing signal those events.
<nowiki>(3)</nowiki> Completely removed from the kernel, but referenced in DMNT. Stubbed relocation code (e.g., in Process9 and in PXI sysmodule) and even whole libraries (e.g., in PXI sysmodule's .rodata section) seem to indicate that Nintendo used dynamic libraries early in system development.
When calling svcDebugActiveProcess, an ATTACH PROCESS debug event is signaled, then ATTACH THREAD for each of its opened threads, then finally ATTACH BREAK.
ATTACH THREAD events are also emitted when a thread is created from an attached process.
=== ATTACH PROCESS event ===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Type
! Field
|-
| u64
| Program ID
|-
| char[8]
| Process name
|-
| u32
| Process ID
|-
| u32
| "Other" flag. Always 0 in available kernel versions
|}
=== ATTACH THREAD event ===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Type
! Field
|-
| u32
| Creator thread ID (0 if attached by svcDebugActiveProcess)
|-
| void *
| Thread local storage
|-
| u32 *
| Entrypoint = .text load address of the parent process
|}
=== EXIT THREAD/PROCESS events ===
A single u32 reason field is used.
Thread exit reasons:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Reason
! Id
|-
| (None)
| 0
|-
| TERMINATE
| 1
|-
| EXIT PROCESS
| 2
|-
| TERMINATE PROCESS
| 3
|}
|}
Process exit reasons:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Page flags
! Reason
! Bit
! Id
|-
|-
| LOCKED
| (None)
| 0
| 0
|-
|-
| CHANGED
| TERMINATE
| 1
| 1
|-
| DEBUG TERMINATE
| 2
|}
|}
== enum MemoryOperation ==
=== EXCEPTION event ===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Memory operation
! Type
! Field
|-
| u32
| Exception type
|-
| u32
| Exception address
|-
| u32[4]
| Type-specific data, see below
|}
Exception types:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Exception type
! Id
! Id
|-
|-
| FREE
| UNDEFINED INSTRUCTION
| 0
|-
| PREFETCH ABORT
| 1
| 1
|-
|-
| RESERVE
| DATA ABORT
| 2
| 2
|-
|-
| COMMIT
| UNALIGNED DATA ACCESS
| 3
| 3
|-
|-
| MAP
| ATTACH BREAK
| 4
| 4
|-
|-
| UNMAP
| STOP POINT
| 5
| 5
|-
|-
| PROTECT
| USER BREAK
| 6
| 6
|-
|-
| REGION APP
| DEBUGGER BREAK
| 0x100
| 7
|-
|-
| REGION SYSTEM
| UNDEFINED SYSCALL
| 0x200
| 8
|}
==== UNDEFINED INSTRUCTION/PREFETCH ABORT/DATA ABORT/UNALIGNED DATA ACCESS/UNDEFINED SYSCALL events ====
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Type
! Field
|-
|-
| REGION BASE
| u32
| 0x300
| Fault information: Fault Address Register (for DATA ABORT and UNALIGNED DATA ACCESS),
attempted SVC ID (for UNDEFINED SYSCALL), otherwise 0
|}
==== STOP POINT event ====
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Type
! Field
|-
| u32
| Stop point type that caused the event: 0 = svc 0xFF, 1 = breakpoint, 2 = watchpoint
|-
|-
| LINEAR
| u32
| 0x1000
| Fault information: FAR for watchpoints, 0 otherwise
|}
|}
== enum MemoryPermission ==
==== USER BREAK event ====
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Type
! Field
|-
| u32
| Break reason
|-
| u32[2]
| Info for LOAD_RO and UNLOAD_RO
|}
User break types:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Memory permission
! Reason
! Id
! Id
|-
|-
| NONE
| PANIC
| 0
| 0
|-
|-
| READ
| ASSERT
| 1
| 1
|-
|-
| WRITE
| USER
| 2
| 2
|-
|-
| READWRITE
| LOAD_RO
| 3
| 3
|-
|-
| DONTCARE
| UNLOAD_RO
| 0x10000000
| 4
|}
|}
==== DEBUGGER BREAK event ====
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Type
! Field
|-
| s32[4]
| IDs of the attached process's threads that were running on each core at the time of the @ref svcBreakDebugProcess call, or -1 (only the first 2 values are meaningful on O3DS).
|}
== enum ResetType ==
=== SCHEDULE/SYSCALL IN/OUT events ===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Reset type
! Type
! Id
! Field
|-
| u64
| Clock tick
|-
|-
| ONESHOT
| u32
| 0
| CPU ID (SCHEDULE events) Syscall (SYSCALL events)
|}
=== OUTPUT STRING event ===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Type
! Field
|-
|-
| STICKY
| u32
| 1
| String address
|-
|-
| PULSE
| u32
| 2
| String size
|}
|}
== struct MemoryInfo ==
=== MAP event ===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Type
! Type
|-
|-
| u32
| u32
| Base address
| Mapped address
|-
|-
| u32
| u32
| Size
| Mapped size
|-
|-
| u32
| u32
| Permission
| MemoryPermission
|-
|-
| enum MemoryState
| u32
| State
| MemoryState
|}
|}
== struct PageInfo ==
== struct ThreadContext ==
Size: 0xCC bytes
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
|-
| u32
! Offset
| Flags
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0x0
| CpuRegisters
| Saved CPU registers (r0-r12, sp, lr, pc, cpsr)
|-
| 0x44
| FpuRegisters
| Saved FPU registers (d0-d15, fpscr, fpexc)
|}
|}
The user needs to adjust pc for exceptions that occured while in Thumb mode.
'''Flags for svcGetDebugThreadContext/svcSetDebugThreadContext''':
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
|-
| s32
! Bit
| Priority
! Description
|-
| 0
| Get/set CPU GPRs (r0-r12)
|-
| 1
| Get/set CPU SPRs (sp, lr, pc, cpsr)
|-
| 2
| Get/set FPU GPRs (d0-d15 aka. f0-f31)
|-
| 3
| Get/set FPU SPRs (fpscr, fpexc)
|}
When setting CPSR, the following assignment is done: <code>ctx->cpsr = ctx->cpsr & 0x7F0FDFF | userCtx->cpuRegisters.cpsr & 0xF80F0200;</code>. This is to avoid obvious security issues.
== enum DebugThreadParameter ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Parameter
! Id
|-
|-
| u32
| PRIORITY
| Stack size
| 0
|-
|-
| s32
| SCHEDULING_MASK_LOW
| argc
| 1
|-
|-
| s16*
| CPU_IDEAL
| argv
| 2
|-
|-
| s16*
| CPU_CREATOR
| envp
| 3
|}
|}
== typedef Handle ==
User-visible references to internal objects are represented by 32-bit integers called handles. Handles are only valid in the process they have been created in; hence, they cannot be exchanged between processes directly (the [[IPC]] functions provide a mean to copy handles to other processes, though).
There are a number of special-purpose handles, which provide easy access to information on objects in the current process:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Handle
! Description
|-
| 0xFFFF8000
| Handle to the active thread
|-
| 0xFFFF8001
| Handle to the active process
|}
=svcSetHardwareBreakPoint=
This is essentially an interface for writing values to the debug-unit (B/W)RP registers. registerId range 0..5 = breakpoints(BRP0-5), 0x100..0x101 = watchpoints(WRP0-1), anything outside of these ranges will result in an error. This is used for both adding and removing/disabling breakpoints/watchpoints, hence the raw control value parameter.
Here the kernel sets bit15 in the DSCR, to enable monitor-mode debugging.
Regardless of whether this is for a BRP, when bit21 is set in the control input parameter(BRP type = contextID), the kernel will load the target process [[KProcess|contextID]] and use that internally for the value field. The target process is specified via a [[KDebug]] handle passed as the "value" parameter.
Lastly, the kernel disables the specified (B/W)RP, then writes the value parameter / loaded contextID to the (B/W)VR, then writes the input control value to the (B/W)CR.
= [[DMA]] =
The CTRSDK code for using svcStartInterProcessDma will execute svcBreak when svcStartInterProcessDma returns an error(except for certain error value(s)). Therefore on retail, triggering a svcStartInterProcessDma via a system-module which results in an error from svcStartInterProcessDma will result in the system-module terminating.
= Memory Mapping =
= Interrupt Handling =
svcBindInterrupt registers the given event or semaphore corresponding to the handle to the global [[ARM11_Interrupts#Interrupt_Table_.28New3DS.29|"interrupt table"]] for the given interrupt ID. Interrupts 0-14 and 16-31 can never be mapped regardless of the [[NCCH/Extended_Header#ARM11_Kernel_Capabilities|interrupt flags of the process's exheader]], and the latter are not checked when mapping interrupt 15. The "is level high active"/"is manual clear" parameter must be false when binding a semaphore handle (otherwise 0xD8E007EE "invalid combination" is returned).
If something was already registered for the given ID, svcBindInterrupt returns error 0xD8E007F0. See [[KBaseInterruptEvent]] for more information on what happens on receipt of an interrupt.
Applications hence can wait for specific interrupts to happen by calling WaitSynchronization(N) on the event or semaphore handles.
The set of existing ARM11 interrupts is listed on [[ARM11 Interrupts|this page]].
= Debugging =
= Debugging =
DebugActiveProcess is used to attach to a process for debugging. This SVC can only be used when the target process' ARM11 descriptors stored in the exheader have the kernel flag for "Enable debug" set. Otherwise when that flag is clear, the kernel flags for the process using this SVC must have the "Force debug" flag set.
DebugActiveProcess is used to attach to a process for debugging. This SVC can only be used when the target process' ARM11 descriptors stored in the exheader have the kernel flag for "Enable debug" set. Otherwise when that flag is clear, the kernel flags for the process using this SVC must have the "Force debug" flag set.
This SVC can only be used when a certain kernel state debug flag is non-zero(it's set to zero for retail).
= KernelSetState =
= KernelSetState =
KernelSetState uses the 6th [[ARM11_Interrupts#Private_Interrupts|software-generated interrupt]] for any operation involving synchronization between cores.
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Type
! Enabled for the NATIVE_FIRM ARM11 kernel
! Enabled for the TWL_FIRM ARM11 kernel
! Description
|-
| 0
| Yes
| No
| Arguments : <code>u64 firmTitleID</code> (the high 32-bits of that title ID (0 when using N3DS pm) have a special meaning on N3DS, they're otherwise ignored, see below).
This initializes the programID for launching [[FIRM]], then triggers launching [[FIRM]]. With New3DS kernel, it forces the firm title ID to be the New3DS NATIVE_FIRM, when the input firm title ID is 2. The high firm title ID is always set to 0x40138. On New3DS, the kernel disables the additional New3DS cache hw prior to calling the firmlaunch function from the <handler for the KernelSetState-types called via funcptr>.
|-
| 1
| Yes
| Yes
| Does nothing.
|-
| 2
| Yes
| Yes
| Powers down the GPU and syncs with Process9 (waits for <code>*(vu8 *)PXI_SYNC11</code> to be 1) during the process.
On New3DS, the kernel disables the additional New3DS cache hw, when it's actually enabled, prior to executing the rest of the code from the <handler for the KernelSetState-types called via funcptr>.
|-
| 3
| Yes
| No
| Arguments: <code>0, void* address</code> or <code>1</code>
This used for initializing the 0x1000-byte buffer used by the launched [[FIRM]]. When the first parameter is 1, this buffer is copied to the beginning of FCRAM at 0xE0000000. When it is 0, this kernel buffer is mapped to the process address specified by the second argument.
|-
| 4
| No
| Yes
| This unmaps(?) the following virtual memory by writing value physaddr (where physaddr base is 0x80000000) to the L1 MMU table entries: 0x00300000..0x04300000, 0x08000000..0x0FE00000, and 0x10000000..0xF8000000.
|-
| 5
| Yes
| Yes
| Used by kernelpanic. This makes core0 enter a WFI/B infinite loop. Threads that were created on core1 or core2 have their priority set to 0x3F, except if the thread was created on core1 and whose parent process (if any) has the "Runnable on sleep" [[NCCH/Extended_Header#ARM11_Kernel_Flags|ARM11 kernel flag]] set. Core1 threads with a priority of 0x40 without a parent process have their priority set to 0x3E.
Prior to first invoking this handler, the global variable holding <code>UNITINFO != 0</code> is true, and if there is no [[LCD_Registers#Fill_Color|LCD fill]] set at the time kernelpanic is called, kernelpanic fills the top screen with red and the bottom screen with either yellow (if the current process was running under the APPLICATION memregion) or red.
Before invoking this handler a second time, kernelpanic wait for the user to hold L+R+Start+Select down.
|-
| 6
| Yes
| No
| Arguments: <code>u32 what, u64 val</code>
UNITINFO needs to be non-zero for <code>what</code> 1 and 2.
If <code>what</code> is 0 or any invalid value, nothing is done.
If it is 1, <code>val != 0</code> is written to the global variable enabling ERR:F-format register dumps on user-mode CPU/VFP exceptions (the VFP exception handler acts as if this variable was always true and works on retail environments). The user handler, stack pointer to use for exception handling, and pointer to use for the exception info structure are contiguously located in either the thread's TLS, or if the handler is NULL, in the main thread's TLS, at offset 0x40. If the specified stack pointer is 1, sp_usr - 0x5c is used instead; if the specified exception info buffer is 1, sp_usr - 0x5c is used instead, and if it is 0, <specified stack> - 0x5c is used (0x5c is the size of the exception info structure that is being pushed). Configured by NS on startup on dev-units (default being 0 on non-debugger/jtag units) using the 0x000F0000 configuration block in the [[Config_Savegame|config savegame]].
If 2, kernelpanic will be called when svcBreak is used by a non-attached process. Configured by NS on startup on dev-units (default being 0 on non-debugger/jtag units) using the 0x000F0000 configuration block in the [[Config_Savegame|config savegame]].
If 3, this changes the scheduling/preemption mode (when no threads are being preempted, otherwise returns error 0xC8A01414), see [[KResourceLimit]] for more details.
|-
| 7
| Yes
| No
| This triggers an MCU (hard) reboot. This reboot is triggered via device address 0x4A on the second [[I2C]] bus (the MCU). Register address 0x20 is written to with value 4. This code will not return.
On New3DS, the kernel disables the additional New3DS cache hw prior to calling the reboot function from the <handler for the KernelSetState-types called via funcptr>.
|-
| 8
| Yes
| No
| Alternate FIRM launch code-path, with different [[PXI]] FIFO word constants. Usually not used. PTM-sysmodule can use this but it's unknown what exactly triggers that in PTM-sysmodule.
|-
| 9
| Yes, implemented at some point after system-version v4.5.
| ?
| Argumens: <code>u64 titleID</code>.
When creating a process, if the process has a non-zero TID equal to the parameter above (which is stored in a global variable), then KProcessHwInfo+0x32 ("process is the currently running app") is set to <code>true</code>.
Used by NS conditionally based on the contents of the [[NS CFA]].
|-
| 10
| Yes
| ?
| Arguments: <code>u32 config</code>
ConfigureNew3DSCPU. Only available for the [[New_3DS]] kernel. The actual code for processing this runs under the <handler for the KernelSetState-types called via funcptr>, which runs on all ARM11 cores. Only bit0-1 of the argument are used here. Bit 0 enables higher core clock, and bit 1 enables additional (L2) cache. This configures the hardware [[PDN_Registers|register]] for the flags listed [[NCCH/Extended_Header#Flag1|here]], among other code which uses the MPCore private memory region registers.
|}
= GetSystemInfo =
= GetSystemInfo =
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! SystemInfoType value
! s32 param
! Description
|-
| 0
| 0
| This writes the total used memory size in the following memory regions to out: APPLICATION, SYSTEM, and BASE.
|-
| 0
| 1
| This writes the total used memory size in the APPLICATION memory region to out.
|-
| 0
| 2
| This writes the total used memory size in the SYSTEM memory region to out.
|-
| 0
| 3
| This writes the total used memory size in the BASE memory region to out.
|-
| 2
| Unused
| This writes the FCRAM memory [[Memory_Allocation#FCRAM_Region_Data|used by the kernel]] to out.
|-
| 25
| Unused
| This writes the total number of threads which were directly launched by the kernel, to out. No longer exists with some kernel version?
|-
| 26
| Unused
| This writes the total number of processes which were directly launched by the kernel, to out. For the NATIVE_FIRM/SAFE_MODE_FIRM ARM11 kernel, this is normally 5, for processes sm, fs, pm, loader, and pxi.
|}
= GetProcessInfo =
Input:
R0 = unused
R1 = Handle process
R2 = ProcessInfoType type
Output:
R0 = Result
R1 = output value lower word
R2 = output value upper word
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! ProcessInfoType value
! Available since system version
! Description
|-
| 0
|
| Returns the amount of executable memory allocated to the process + thread context size + page-rounded size of the external handle table
|-
| 1
|
| Returns the amount of <unknown> memory allocated to the process + thread context size + page-rounded size of the external handle table
|-
| 2
|
| Returns the amount of DMA-able (code, data, IO pages, etc.) memory allocated to the process + thread context size + page-rounded size of the external handle table
|-
| 3
|
| Returns the amount of <unknown> memory allocated to the process + thread context size + page-rounded size of the external handle table
|-
| 4
|
| Returns the amount handles in use by the process.
|-
| 5
|
| Returns the highest count of handles that have been open at once by the process
|-
| 6
|
| Returns <code>*(u32*)(KProcess+0x234)</code> which is always 0
|-
| 7
|
| Returns the number of threads of the process
|-
| 8
|
| Returns the maximum number of threads which can be opened by this process (always 0)
|-
| 9-18
| [[8.0.0-18]]
| This only returns error 0xD8E007ED.
|-
| 19
| Stub: [[8.0.0-18]]. Implementation: [[11.3.0-36|11.3.0-X]].
| Originally this only returned 0xD8E007ED. Now with v11.3 this returns the memregion for the process: out low u32 = [[KProcess]] "Kernel flags from the exheader kernel descriptors" & 0xF00. High out u32 = 0.
|-
| 20
| [[8.0.0-18]]
| low u32 = (0x20000000 - <LINEAR virtual-memory base for this process>). That is, the output value is the value which can be added to LINEAR memory vaddrs for converting to physical-memory addrs.
|-
| 21
| [[8.0.0-18]]. N3DS only.
| Returns the maximum amount of VRAM memory allocatable by the process: 0x800000 bytes if the process has already allocated VRAM memory, otherwise 0 (+ error 0xE0E01BF4)
|-
| 22
| [[8.0.0-18]]. N3DS only.
| Returns the address of the first chunk of VRAM allocated by this process
|-
| 23
| [[8.0.0-18]]. N3DS only.
| Returns the amount of VRAM allocated by this process (?)
|}
= GetHandleInfo =
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! HandleInfoType value
! Description
|-
| 0
| This returns the time in ticks the KProcess referenced by the handle was created. If a KProcess handle was not given, it will write whatever was in r5, r6 when the svc was called.
|-
| 1
| Get internal refcount for kernel object (not counting the one this SVC adds internally to operate), sign-extended to 64 bits.
|-
| 2
| Unimplemented, returns an uninitialized u64 variable (corresponding to r5-r6, which were not altered outside of userland).
|-
| 0x32107
| Returns (u64) 0.
|}
= svc7B Backdoor =
This saves SVC-mode SP+LR on the user-mode stack, then sets the SVC-mode SP to the user-mode SP. This then calls the specified code in SVC-mode. Once the called code returns, this pops the saved SP+LR off the stack for restoring the SVC-mode SP, then returns from the svc7b handler. Note that this svc7b handler does not disable IRQs, if any IRQs/context-switches occur while the SVC-mode SP is set to the user-mode one here, the ARM11-kernel will crash(which hangs the whole ARM11-side system).
= svc 0x59 =
Implemented with [[11.3.0-36|11.3.0-X]]. Used with GSP module starting with that version. This always returns 0.
When input_flag is not 0x1, it will use value 0x0 internally. When a state field already matches input_flag, this will immediately return. Otherwise, after this SVC finishes running, it will write input_flag to this state field. GSP module uses 0x0 for APPLICATION-memregionid and 0x1 for non-APPLICATION-memregionid.
This writes "<nowiki>0x100 | <val></nowiki>" to [[CONFIG11_Registers#CFG11_GPUPROT|pdnregbase+0x140]], where val depends on input_flag and a kernel state field for [[Configuration_Memory|APPMEMTYPE]].
When input_flag is 0x1 val is fixed:
* Old3DS: 0x3
* New3DS: 0x460
Otherwise, val depends on the kernel APPMEMTYPE state field:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! FIRM
! [[Memory_layout|APPMEMTYPE]]
! val
|-
| Old3DS
| 2
| 0x3
|-
| Old3DS
| 3
| 0x5
|-
| Old3DS
| 4
| 0x6
|-
| Old3DS
| Non-value-{2/3/4}
| 0x7
|-
| New3DS
| 7
| 0x490
|-
| New3DS
| Non-value-7
| 0x4F0
|}
This same register is also initialized during kernel boot starting with [[3.0.0-5]], with the following values:
* Old3DS: 0x103
* New3DS: 0x550
= svc 0x5A =
Like what NWM did previously, this one does the following:
if (in_flag)
CFG11_WIFICNT |= 1;
else
CFG11_WIFICNT &= ~1;
= Kernel error-codes =
= Kernel error-codes =
See [[Error codes]].
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Error-code value
! Error-code value
! Description
! Description
|-
| 0x09401BFE
| Timeout occurred with svcWaitSynchronization*, when timeout is not ~0.
|-
| 0xC8601801
| No more unused/free synchronization objects left to use in a given object's linked list. (KEvent, KMutex, KTimer, KSemaphore, KAddressArbiter, KThread)
|-
| 0xC8601802
| No more unused/free KSharedMemory objects left to use in the KSharedMemory linked list - out of blocks
|-
| 0xC8601809
| No more unused/free KSessions left to use in the KSession linked list - out of sessions
|-
| 0xC860180A
| Not enough free memory available for memory allocation.
|-
| 0xC920181A
| The session was closed by the other process..
|-
| 0xD0401834
| Max connections to port have been exceeded
|-
| 0xD8609013
| Unknown, probably reslimit related?
|-
| 0xD88007FA
| Returned if no KObjectName object in the linked list of such objects matches the port name provided to the svc.
|-
| 0xD8E007ED
| This indicates that a value is outside of the enum being used.
|-
| 0xD8E007F1
| This error indicates Misaligned address.
|-
|-
| 0xD8E007F7
| 0xD8E007F7
| This error indicates that the input handle used with the SVC does not exist in the process handle-table, or that the handle kernel object type does not match the type used by the SVC.
| This error indicates that the input handle used with the SVC does not exist in the process handle-table, or that the handle kernel object type does not match the type used by the SVC.
|-
| 0xD9000402
| Invalid memory permissions for input/output buffers, for svcStartInterProcessDma.
|-
| 0xD9001814
| Failed unprivileged load or store - wrong permissions on memory
|-
| 0xD9001BF7
| This error is returned when the kernel retrieves a pointer to a kernel object, but the object type doesn't match the desired one.
|-
|-
| 0xD92007EA
| 0xD92007EA
| This error is returned when a process attempts to use svcCreateMemoryBlock when the process memorytype is the application memorytype, and when addr=0.
| This error is returned when a process attempts to use svcCreateMemoryBlock when the process memorytype is the application memorytype, and when addr=0.
|-
| 0xE0E01BF5
| This indicates an invalid address was used.
|-
| 0xF8C007F4
| Invalid type/param0-param3 input for svcKernelSetState. This is also returned for those syscalls marked as stubs.
|}
|}