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* sdmc/Nintendo 3DS/<ID0>/<ID1>/dbs
* sdmc/Nintendo 3DS/<ID0>/<ID1>/dbs


ID0 is the first 0x10-bytes from a SHA256 [[nand/private/movable.sed|hash]]. The installation of [[SD Filesystem|SD Card]] titles was introduced in the [[2.0.0-2]] update and the SD dbs files are encrypted. These files are [[extdata]] images. The NAND extdata images are cleartext, however some of the images contain data encrypted with a console-unique keyslot.
ID0 is the first 0x10-bytes from a SHA256 [[nand/private/movable.sed|hash]]. The installation of [[SD Filesystem|SD Card]] titles was introduced in the [[2.0.0-2]] update and the SD dbs files are encrypted by [[SD Filesystem|the general SD filesystem encryption rule]]. These files are [[DISA and DIFF|DIFF containers]]. These DIFF files do not use external IVFC level 4, so all database data is duplicated in the container. In this page only the inner content of the container is described.
 
These files are only created on SD (via [[Application_Manager_Services|AM]]) if they don't exist when the [[eShop]] application is starting up, during network init etc (prior to showing the "system update required" dialog).


These files are stored under this directory:
These files are stored under this directory:
Line 12: Line 14:
!  Stored in CTR-NAND
!  Stored in CTR-NAND
!  Filename
!  Filename
!  [[Savegames#AES_MAC_header|CTR-9DB0]] ID
!  [[DISA and DIFF#CTR-9DB0|CTR-9DB0]] ID
!  Description
!  Description
|-
|-
| No
| Yes
| Yes
| ticket.db
| 0x0
| This contains the installed tickets (NAND and SD).
|-
| No
| Yes
| Yes
| import.db
| certs.db
| 0x3
| 0x1
| This is an Import Database, it contains entries for titles(or versions of titles) not yet installed, ready for transferring to the title.db. (Automatic Update uses this, so completing the update takes seconds)
| This contains the certificate chain used to verify TMDs and other certificates.
|-
|-
| Yes
| Yes
Line 25: Line 33:
| title.db
| title.db
| 0x2
| 0x2
| Title database, this contains entries for all installed titles (TWL & CTR) on the 3DS(Each database is responsible for titles installed on its medium).
| Title database, this contains entries for all installed titles (TWL & CTR) on the 3DS (Each database is responsible for titles installed on its medium).
|-
| Yes
| Yes
| import.db
| 0x3
| This is an Import Database, it contains entries for titles (or versions of titles) not yet installed, ready for transferring to the title.db. (Automatic Update uses this, so completing the update takes seconds.)
|-
|-
| No
| No
| Yes
| Yes
| tmp_t.db
| tmp_t.db
| ?
| 0x4
| This is the temporary Title database containing one entry for the currently installed [[Download Play]] Child.
| This is the temporary Title database containing one entry for the currently installed [[Download Play]] Child.
|-
|-
Line 36: Line 50:
| Yes
| Yes
| tmp_i.db
| tmp_i.db
| ?
| 0x5
| Similar to import.db, except it's used in conjunction with tmp_t.db, for installing [[Download Play]] Children.
| Similar to import.db, except it's used in conjunction with tmp_t.db, for installing [[Download Play]] Children.
|-
| No
| Yes
| certs.db
| ?
| This contains the certificate chain used to verify TMDs and other certificates.
|-
| No
| Yes
| ticket.db
| ?
| This contains the installed tickets.
|}
|}


The .db [[extdata|Extdata]] image embeds two almost identical copies(the latter is probably an older backup) of the title database. These database files consist of a pre-header with size of 0x80 identifying the Database Type, followed by a BDRI container. The offsets in the BDRI header are usually relative to the offset to the start of the BDRI header (0x80 in the file)
The inner content of the container consists of a pre-header with size of 0x80 identifying the Database Type, followed by a BDRI container. The offsets in the BDRI header are usually relative to the offset to the start of the BDRI header (0x80 in the file)


== Pre Header ==
== Pre Header ==
Line 67: Line 69:
|-
|-
| 0x08
| 0x08
| 0x78
| 0x4
| Version (always 0)
|-
| 0xC
| 0x74
| Reserved
|}
 
For ticket.db, a different pre-header is used:
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Start
! Length
! Description
|-
| 0x00
| 4
| Database Type "Magic" (see below)
|-
| 0x04
| 0x04
| Version (always 1)
|-
| 0x08
| 0x08
| Reserved
| Reserved
|}
|}
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! Database Type
! Database Type
! Magic
! Magic
|-
| CTR-NAND ticket.db
| TICK
|-
|-
| CTR-NAND import.db
| CTR-NAND import.db
Line 91: Line 121:
|-
|-
| SD Card import.db
| SD Card import.db
| ?
| TEMPTDB
|-
|-
| SD Card title.db
| SD Card title.db
| TEMPTDB
| TEMPTDB
|-
| (unused, likely supposed to be SD card import.db)
| SDMCIDB
|}
|}


== BDRI ==
== BDRI ==


Information stored about titles in these Title Database files are stored in two parts in a BDRI partition. Firstly in a Title Entry Table, and secondly in a Title Info Table.
This is a variant of [[Inner FAT|FAT filesystem]]. It consists one "root" directory and multiple "files". Each "file" is one title info entry described below.
 
=== Title Info Entry ===
 
An entry contains information taken from both the application NCCH file(s) and TMD.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Start
! Start !! Length !! Description
! Length
! Description
|-
|-
| 0x0
| 0x0 || 0x8 || u64, Title Size
| 4
| Database Magic ("BDRI")
|-
|-
| 0x4
| 0x8 || 0x4 || u32, Title Type from TMD (usually 0x40)
| 4
| Magic Number (0x30000)
|-
|-
| 0x8
| 0xC || 0x2 || u16, Title Version
| 8
| Unknown
|-
|-
| 0x10
| 0xE || 0x2 || u16, Content index for Download Play Child content
| 8
| File Size(including pre header), divided by the value at relative offset 0x18 (usually = 0x80)
|-
|-
| 0x18
| 0x10 || 0x2 || u16, Content index for Instruction Manual content
| 4
| Usually 0x80
|-
|-
| 0x1C
| 0x12 || 0x2 || u16, Content index for Old3DS update partition (even though this is unused because digital titles don't have update partitions)
| 4
| Reserved
|-
|-
| 0x20
| 0x14 || 0x4 || TMD file ID (the ID part in <code>{ID}.tmd</code> inside the title folder)
| 0x20
| Unknown/Constant
|-
|-
| 0x40
| 0x18 || 0x4 || CMD file ID (the ID part in <code>{ID}.cmd</code> inside the title folder)
| 0x18
| Unknown
|-
|-
| 0x58
| 0x1C || 0x4 || save file ID (the ID part in <code>{ID}.sav</code> inside the title/data folder)
| 8
| Relative Title Entry Table Offset
|-
|-
| 0x60
| 0x20 || 0x8 || u64, extdata ID (zero if title does not use extdata)
| 0x20
| Unknown
|}
 
== Title Entry Table ==
 
This contains 'Entries' for all the titles stored in the database. However this just appears to be an indexing table, the majority of title information is kept in a Title Info Table, which these index entries point to. Title Entries start immediately after the Title Entry Table Header. And there is no padding between entries.
 
=== Header ===
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Start
| 0x28 || 0x1 || bool, has public.sav (DSiWare only)
! Length
! Description
|-
|-
| 0x0
| 0x29 || 0x1 || bool, has private.sav (DSiWare only)
| 4
| Unknown/Magic? (usually = 0x2)
|-
|-
| 0x4
| 0x2A || 0x1 || bool, has banner.sav (DSiWare only)
| 4
| Unknown/Magic? (usually = 0x3)
|-
|-
| 0x8
| 0x2B || 0x1 || bool, requires moving public/private/banner.new to public/private/banner.sav (DSiWare only) (see [[AMPXI:WriteTWLSavedata]])
| 0x24
| Reserved
|-
|-
| 0x2C
| 0x2C || 0x1 || u8, CMD format version (see [[Titles#Data_Structure|Title Data Structure]])
| 4
| Number of used Title Entries
|-
|-
| 0x30
| 0x2D || 0x1 || bool, is user DSiWare title (as in, does not have system title bit set, see [[Title_list#TWL_(DSi)_Titles|TWL (DSi) Titles]] for more information)
| 0x50
| Reserved
|-
|-
| 0x80
| 0x2E || 0x2 || u16, New3DS update partition content index (even though this is unused because digital titles don't have update partitions)
| 4
| MAX Number of Title Entries
|-
|-
| 0x84
| 0x30 || 0x10 || Product code (first 12 bytes of raw .nds for DSiWare, which is the game title)
| 4
| Unknown
|-
|-
| 0x88
| 0x40 || 0x8 || u64, ordering number. Used in some code paths to find the "latest" added entry, but this value is never written and always 0.
| 0x20
| Reserved
|}
 
=== Title Entry Format ===
 
The entries are 0x2C bytes long.
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Start
| 0x48 || 0x1 || bool, is temporary (true for DLP child titles added into tmp_i/tmp_t.db)
! Length
! Description
|-
|-
| 0x0
| 0x49 || 0x1 || u8, [[Application_Manager_Services#ImportTitleContextState|ImportTitleContextState]]
| 4
| Unknown
|-
|-
| 0x4
| 0x4A || 0x1 || bool, overwrite (set when reinstalling an existing title)
| 4
| Entry Flag. If this isn't = 0x1, then this entry slot is unused
|-
|-
| 0x8
| 0x4B || 0x1 || Reserved
| 0x8
| Title ID
|-
|-
| 0x10
| 0x4C || 0x4 || Content ID for content index 0, 0xFFFFFFFF if not applicable
| 4
| Title Entry Index
|-
|-
| 0x14
| 0x50 || 0x4 || u32, random value generated during title installation (See [[CTXT]])
| 4
| Relative Title Info Offset, divided by the value at offset 0x18 in this Title Entry (usually 0x80)
|-
| 0x18
| 0x4
| Usually 0x80
|-
| 0x1c
| 4
| Reserved
|-
| 0x20
| 4
| Unknown, occasionally this value is the title's "Title ID lower"
|-
| 0x24
| 0x4
| Unknown
|-
|-
| 0x28
| 0x54 || 0x2C || Reserved
| 0x4
| Unknown
|}
|}


* The actual Title Info offset is calculated by the following: Offset of BDRI Header + Relative Offset of Title Entry Table + Relative Title Info Offset
=== Ticket Info Entry ===
 
For ticket.db entries, there is a header indicates ticket count (as a Title ID can have more than one ticket installed). Then each entry contains the size, followed by the actual ticket data.
 
== Title Info Table ==
 
These consist of 0x80 byte long entries, pointed to by the title index entries. They contain information taken from both the application NCCH file(s) and TMD.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Header
|-
|-
! Start
! Start
Line 258: Line 206:
|-
|-
| 0x0
| 0x0
| 8
| Title Size
|-
| 0x8
| 4
| 4
| Title Type(usually 0x40)
| Amount of tickets X
|-
|-
| 0xC
| 4
| Title Version
|-
| 0x10
| 4
| Flags_0
|-
| 0x14
| 4
| TMD Content ID
|-
| 0x18
| 4
| CMD Content ID
|-
| 0x1c
| 4
| Flags_1
|-
| 0x20
| 4
| ExtdataID low (zero if title doesn't use Extdata)
|-
| 0x24
| 4
| Reserved
|-
| 0x28
| 8
| Flags_2
|-
| 0x30
| 0x10
| Product Code
|-
| 0x40
| 0x10
| Reserved
|-
| 0x50
| 0x4
| 0x4
| Unknown
| X * (size of tickets + 4)
|-
| Ticket entries
| 0x54
| 0x2c
| Reserved
|}
|}
==== Flags_0 ====
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Ticket entry
|-
|-
! Index
! Start
! Length
! Description
! Description
|-
|-
| 0
| 0x0
| Electronic Manual
|-
| 1
| ?
|-
| 2
| ?
|-
| 3
| ?
|}
 
==== Flags_1 ====
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Index
! Description
|-
| 0
| SD Save Data
|-
| 1
| ?
|-
| 2
| ?
|-
| 3
| ?
|}
 
==== Flags_2 ====
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Index
! Description
|-
| 0
| DSiWare Related (Visibility on Home Menu/Export Flag?)
|-
| 1
| ?
|-
| 2
| ?
|-
| 3
| ?
|-
| 4
| 4
| Found with DSiWare Titles and titles with an 'Application' Title ID
| Ticket data size X (often 0x350 but some DLC tickets may be larger)
|-
|-
| 5
| 0x4
| DSiWare Related (Visibility on Home Menu/Export Flag?)
| X
|-
| [[Ticket|Ticket]] data
| 6
| ?
|-
| 7
| ?
|}
|}


Line 392: Line 235:
These NAND/SD /dbs images seem to be loaded by the ARM9 while NATIVE_FIRM is booting.
These NAND/SD /dbs images seem to be loaded by the ARM9 while NATIVE_FIRM is booting.


== Tools ==
Removing ticket.db from a New-3DS with signature checks disabled will not result in an unbootable system, however all icons except Slot-1 will disappear from Home. Applets can however still be used. Recovery can be accomplished via [[Hardware|hardmod]] or [[arm9loaderhax]] plus a known good backup of the file (or the whole partition or disk); Gamecard exploits were not tested, and Browserhax did not work.
 
[https://github.com/ps3hen/ctr_toolkit/tree/master/extdata_tool extdata_tool] - parsing cleartext .db extdata images
Retrieved from "https://www.3dbrew.org/wiki/Title_Database"